Screening of Impulse Control Disorders and Addictions

Introduction: The questionnaire for the screening of impulse control disorders and addictions is a screening scale of eight specific behaviors. Its validation and use is due to the need for a brief and reliable instrument for clinical screening in Cuba. Objective: Describe the results of research in which the questionnaire for the screening of impulse control disorders and addictions in Cuba has been used. Methods: A qualitative phenomenological study was carried out based on the documentary review and content analysis of the four research in which the questionnaire for the screening of impulse control disorders and addictions in Cuba was used Results: In the validation process, a Cronbach's alpha of 0.7502 and higher than 0.7 was obtained for all scales. Risk behaviors related to videogames were identified in about 25% of the participants, and the existence of a positive correlation between addictive risk and emotional dysregulation was verified. During the COVID-19 pandemic, men in the highest risk categories predominated in the alcohol abuse/dependence scale (70.8%).Conclusions: Between 2018 and 2022, four research was carried out in Cuba using the questionnaire for the screening of impulse control disorders and addictions. They included validation based on its adaptation to the Cuban sociocultural context, its use as a baseline in preventive interventions, and as an evaluation technique in a secondary level health care consultation © Este material es publicado según los términos de la Licencia Creative Commons Atribución–NoComercial 4.0. Se permite el uso, distribución y reproducción no comerciales y sin restricciones en cualquier medio, siempre que sea debidamente citada la fuente primaria de publicación

Coordinated Roadmap to Grip Pandemic COVID-19

Coronavirus disease 2019 named COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been reported in Wuhan city of Hubei Province of China become a global pandemic. Genomic sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 unveils which showed multiple mutations relative to SARS-CoV. SARS-CoV-2 showed a very high receptor-binding domain (RBD) affinity towards the ACE-2 receptor in host cells, similar to SARS. Lack of immediate supervision and diagnostic measures hurdles prevention and treatment strategies against COVID-19. However, from SARS and MERS epidemics, WHO launched SOLIDARITY, a strategic and technical advisory group for infection hazards (STAG-IH) for the regular supervision and alert, which identified the estimated risk of COVID-19 and recommended the health emergence program to respond COVID-19. This article will briefly review the rationale history, structural genome with mutation, pathogenesis, preventive measure, and targeted treatment strategy to handle this pandemic COVID-19.Copyright © 2021 Bentham Science Publishers.

Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers following an identified nosocomial COVID-19 exposure during waves 1-3 of the pandemic in Ireland.

Healthcare workers (HCWs) have increased exposure and subsequent risk of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). This case-control study was conducted to investigate the contemporaneous risks associated with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection amongst HCWs following in-work exposure to a confirmed coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) case. We assessed the influence of demographic (age, sex, nationality, high risk co-morbidities and vaccination status) and work-related factors (job role, exposure location, contact type, personal protective equipment (PPE) use) on infection risk following nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 exposure. All contact tracing records within the hospital site during waves 1-3 of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ireland were screened to identify exposure events, cases and controls. In total, 285 cases and 1526 controls were enrolled, as a result of 1811 in-work exposure events with 745 index cases. We demonstrate that male sex, Eastern European nationality, exposure location, PPE use and vaccination status all impact the likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 infection following nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 exposure. The findings draw attention to the need for continuing emphasis on PPE use and its persisting benefit in the era of COVID-19 vaccinations. We suggest that non-work-related factors may influence infection risk seen in certain ethnic groups and that infection risk in high-risk HCW roles (e.g. nursing) may be the result of repeated exposures rather than risks inherent to a single event.

Case Report On paranasal sinusitis with Diabetes mellitus and hypertension

Background: An inflammation of the mucous membranes in the paranasal sinuses is known as paranasal sinusitis. The facial bones close to, behind, and above the nose have cavities called sinuses. All paranasal sinuses have mucous membrane lining and are joined to the nasal cavities. Case presentation: A 70 years old male came to the Ear Nose Throat department with the chief complaint of generalized headache, dull activity.Also complaint of reduce vision on both eye, blur vision of near by object and unable to see distant object, reduced sensation of smell. Patient had history of Diabetes mellitus since 5 year and having hypertension since 2 year and patient was diagnosed with covid -19 since 5 month back, was hospitalized for 15 days. On arrival physical examination of the face was carried out with shows swelling around both the eye, Nostrils finding are yellowish greenish foul smelling debris in bilateral nostrils septal perforation present posteriorly.MRI and histopathology was done later he was treated antibiotics and analgesic. Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.

Clinical Features and Predisposing Factors Influencing the Outcome of COVID-19 in First and Second Wave at Nanded, Maharashtra- A Retrospective Study

Introduction: It is crucial to determine possible factors associated with exacerbation of the disease due to the alarming global spread, morbidity and mortality associated with Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). It is important to determine the co-morbidities associated with this disease which will help in better treatment of patients in time and to make amendments to management policy. Aim: To compare the clinical features, and predisposing factors (socio-demographic factors and co-morbidities) influencing the outcome in COVID-19 infected patients admitted in a tertiary care centre in the first and second wave of COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: The retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Microbiology, Dr. Shankarrao Chavan Government Medical College, Nanded, Maharashtra, India. The data was collected from the electronic resource which was maintained by the institute Integrated Disease Surveillance Program (IDSP) health record reporting database for the duration of June 2020 to August 2021. This data included patient’s demographic details (age, sex, address, contact number), other details (history of close contacts, international travel) clinical history, different types of symptoms (ICMR patient category), co-morbidities, number of patients requiring ICU admission, type of sample, the outcome in terms of death and discharge, cause of death. The analysis was done for the complete data and then for two separate durations of the first and second wave which were compared later with Chi-square test (Bivariate analysis). Results: A total of 8841 patients were involved and the majority of patients in the study were between the age group of 30-75 years, there was a predominance of males in first and second waves with 6514 (73.7%) and 5795 (58.6%) respectively. The paediatric patients had a mortality rate of 100% (n=7) found in the second wave. Fever (39%) and dyspnea (22%) were found as the commonest presentation in both waves. Gastrointestinal manifestations were observed relatively more in the second wave. The serious patients on ventilator were found to have (>91%) the highest mortality. It appeared that the highest attributable risk to severity and mortality (eight to ten times increased) was due to hypertension, diabetes and other co-morbidities. Pregnancy did not predisposed to be as a risk factor. Conclusion: Prompt management and preventive care are needed for patients with co-morbidities to avoid the exacerbation of COVID-19 as well as drug cross interactions.

Impact of yoga on the level of distress of parents having children with intellectual disability undergoing home based education during COVID-19 crises: A comparative study

COVID-19 is now spreading across the country as well as worldwide, and poses some public those have more responsibilities of his/her life and they are may be suffering more mental health problems which require close attention. This study aims to assess the effect of yoga exercise on distress level of parents having children with Intellectual disability and doing or not doing yoga exercise during implementing Home Based Education. Researchers compiled a 35-item scale for five dimensions. 40 parents having children with Intellectual disability were selected for this study and survey was conducted through an online questionnaire. ANOVA test was applied to identify the impact of yoga on distress. Distress was significant based on doing yoga exerce and perceived impacts of the epidemic outbreak. © 2022 International Journal of Health Sciences.

Deep learning based recognition of wearing mask in public during pandemic

Human face detection is a computer vision application. Face image processing has been the subject of various studies. Several researchers have previously investigated facial recognition. We used IOT and AI algorithms with the basic notion of human face identification in this research to identify the covid-19 patient travelling in public locations during isolation period.-19 criteria for Human face discovery is the novel notion in this covid. An Internet of Things (IoT) method is used to store daily averages of 19 positive cases across districts. The information that can be stored, such as a person's name, phone number, and address (with different poses). Personal information is securely saved in the cloud database and can be accessed at any time by logging into your account. IoT and Raspberry Pi are used to store and retrieve data. Face detection technology in CCTV cameras is used to keep tabs on the current scenario and identify any people who might be in the video. We installed cameras in strategic locations and linked them to the cloud server so that the faces of those with and those without covid 19 could be forwarded. hange detection methodologies in remotely sensed images suffer from the problem of data inadequacy;and to handle this problem, semi-supervised approaches can be opted. Semi-supervised Modified Self-organizing Feature Map is used to classify covid positive and normal cases in this recognition method. Every time a person's face is taken by the camera and compared to a database, an AI algorithm is used to identify and categorise the person (testing centre data). Covid positive patients will be flagged by an AI system, and their personal data will be sent to a government health care unit, which may take legal action against them, in this classification process. OpenCV and the Python platform were used to carry out this experiment. Public exposure to covid 19 will be reduced, and mortality rates owing to covid illness will be reduced as a result of this proposed model.

CoviFacts—A COVID-19 Fake News Detector Using Natural Language Processing

Fake news confronts us on a daily basis in today’s fast-paced social media world. While some instances of fake news might seem innocuous, there are many examples that prove to be menacing. Misinformation or disinformation which takes the form of these weaponized lies which eventually amount to defective information, defamatory allegations, and hoaxes. The only motive behind such a malicious act is to engender emotional instability among the public. One such prevalent example today is COVID-19 which has caused an unprecedented paradigm shift in numerous businesses and quotidian activities across the globe. One of the primary activities is being news reporting. On average, people are spending almost one hour a day reading news via many different sources. The development in technology has obviated the barriers between sharing of information, thereby truly making the industry cosmopolitan. Therefore, it is paramount to curb fake news at source and prevent it from spreading to a larger audience. This paper describes a system, where the user can identify apocryphal news related to COVID-19 so as to ensure its authenticity. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Response to BNT162b2 Sars-Cov-2 Vaccine in Recipients of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant

Recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) have been excluded from clinical trials of SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines;however, since these patients are at higher risk of severe complications following infection, they have been given high priority in vaccination campaigns worldwide. In this prospective observational study, we evaluated the immunogenicity of two BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine doses in allogeneic HSCT recipients compared to healthy controls. IgG antibodies to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the S1 subunit of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 were analyzed by SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant (Abbott, Ireland). The cutoff value of the test used in this study is 7.1 BAU/mL (Binding Antibody Unit/mL) and the results greater than 7.1 indicate that seroconversion has occurred, as recommended by the manufacturer. Peripheral blood samples were collected for immunological analysis at three timepoints: pre-vaccine baseline (w0, before the first BNT162b2 dose), week 3 (w3, before the second vaccine dose) and week 5 (w5, 2 weeks following the second dose). Patients older than 18 years who received BNT162b2 vaccine following an HSCT at seven Italian centers were included in the study. Enrolled patients received two successive doses (at 3-week interval) at a median of 15 months (range 2-141) after HSCT. Twenty-nine age-matched health care workers who were vaccinated with BNT162b2 were recruited as the control group. Among the 34 patients evaluable for serological response, three patients were excluded from the analysis as the baseline serology demonstrated previous natural SARS-CoV-2 infection. On w3, after the first vaccine dose 7/31 (23%) patients developed anti-S IgG antibodies as compared to 28/29 (97%) controls (p<0.01). HSCT recipients showed lower antibody titers (median 1.8 BAU, range 0-481) as compared to healthy controls (median 118 BAU, range 6-1172, p<0.01). In univariate analysis, transplant-to-vaccination interval (>12 months, p<0.01), baseline CD4+ T cell count (>200/mm3, p=0.01), and CD4+CD45RA+ T naive cell count (>100/ mm3, p<0.01) were significantly associated with antibody response after the first vaccine dose. On w5, after the second vaccine dose, 24/31 (77%) of the patients showed antibody response, as compared to 99% of healthy controls (p<0.01);in fact, 71% of non-responders to the first dose developed IgG antibodies after vaccine boost (Figure 1). Median antibody titer after second dose was 350 BAU/ml (0-21.731). In univariate analysis, no significant association was found between patient characteristics and immunogenicity after vaccine boost. Adverse events were rare and modest. Nine percent of the patients reported mild local reactions after vaccine administration, including pain at the injection site and less commonly local erythema, local lymphadenopathy, or swelling;35% of patients reported systemic adverse events, and all were mild. The most frequently reported systemic reactions included weakness (15%), headache (9%), and diarrhea (3%). In conclusion, in recipients of HSCT, a single dose of the BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine yielded poor efficacy, while immunogenicity increased significantly after vaccine boost at day 21 after the first dose. Patients who received vaccines beyond one year after transplant were more likely to mount anti-S IgG antibodies, which could be due to a broader immune reconstitution, as we observed an enhanced response to single BNT162b2 vaccine dose in patients with higher CD4+ T cell and particularly CD4+CD45RA+ naïve T cell counts. [Formula presented] Disclosures: Kordasti: Alexion: Honoraria;Celgene: Research Funding;Beckman Coulter: Honoraria;Novartis: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Pane: AbbVie;Amgen;Novartis: Other: Travel, accommodation, expenses;AbbVie;Amgen;Novartis, GSK, Incyte: Speakers Bureau;Novartis Pharma SAS;: Research Funding;AbbVie;Amgen;Novartis, GSK, Incyte: Consultancy.

A systemic review on clinical trials of 2-deoxyglucose in treating covid-19

After sudden outbreak of covid-19 pandemic, to overcome this chaotic situation many drug therapies have been used which includes Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine (Antimalarial), Lopinavir and Ritonavir (antiviral), Nafamostat (Sirin protease inhibitor), Famotidine (Antihistamines), Nitazoxanide (Anti-infective), Evermectin (Anti-parasitic), Corticosteroids, Tocilizumab & Sarilumab (Inflammatory cytokine), Fluvoxamine(Anti-depressants), but due to prominent effect of 2-DG it has been extensively used against SARS-CoV-2. It is a glucose molecule which was approved for the emergency treatment in covid-19 pandemic against SARS-CoV-2 by inhibiting glycolysis-The energetic cycle. It shows more highlighting effect with combinational approach. This drug was sanctioned by Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) and has been developed by Institute of medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), a lab of Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), together with Dr Reddy’s Laboratories (DRL), Hyderabad.